California Gold Rush :: essays research papers

California Gold Rush by Lauren BurtJames Wilson marshall was a skilled carpenter trained by his wheelwright bewilder in New Jersey. Marshall was building a sawmill for California land developer John Sutter in Coloma Valley near Sacramento when he observe something glittering in the new millrace that had been allowed to flow overnight. He described the nugget as "half the size and shape of a pea." "It made my heart thump," he later recalled, "for I was certain it was gold." Examining the nugget, he exclaimed to his fellow workmen, "Boys, by God, I believe I have found a gold mine." The impact of Marshalls realize that afternoon at Sutters Mill in the Sierra Nevada foothills was enormous, and became known worldwide. Although Marshalls discovery occurred in 1848, the electrifying news did not reach the East Coast and otherwise parts of the world until a year later, triggering the Gold Rush of 49, the greatest stampede of gold seekers in history. The only hope was to keep the discovery quiet. Sutter and Marshall swore the mill workers to secrecy, but word got out. When Jacob Wittmer took two wagons up to the mill on February 9, the Wimmer children apparently told him of the gold. When he scoffed at the story, it was confirmed by Mrs. Wimmer and the other adults. Wittmer brought the news spur to the fastness, and even used some of the gold to buy a bottle of brandy at the fort store. The store operator sent word to his partner in San Francisco, the enterprising Sam Brannan. Henry Bigler shared the news with three of his fellow Mormons who were working on the new flour mill near Sutters Fort. They visited Coloma and then on the way back to Sutters Fort prospected at a spot that shortly became the rich diggings of Mormon Island. On February 10, Sutter himself wrote his impatient creditor, General Mariano Vallejo "My sawmill is consummate and I have made a discovery of a goldmine ... which is extraordinarily rich." As th e word seeped out, Sutter was soon openly telling visitors to the fort about the discovery. The first printed notice of the discovery was in the March 15 issue of "The Californian" in San Francisco. Shortly after Marshalls discovery, General John Bidwell discover gold in the Feather River and Major Pearson B. Reading found gold in the Trinity River.